THE 


LUTHERAN  CHURCH 


No.  6.— APRIL,  1883. 


V. 

IN    MEMORIAM, 


CHARLES  PORTERFIELD  KRAUTH,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 

The  profound  sorrow  which  the  death  of  the  Rev.  Dr. 
C.  P.  Krauth  has  awakened  in  the  Lutheran  Church,  and, 
wherever  he  was  known,  among  Christians,  and  the  friends 
of  learning  in  general,  may  be  regarded  as  a  fair  and  unaf- 
fected indication  of  his  personal  worth,  and  of  the  value  of 
his  services.  Though  never  inflamed  by  any  consuming 
ambition  to  make  himself  great,  or  to  exalt  himself  at  the 
expense  of  other  men,  he  nevertheless  sought  to  be  worthy 
of  their  respectful  consideration  ;  and,  by  a  wonderful  com- 
bination of  talent,  integrity,  diligence  and  suavity,  he  suc- 
ceeded so  well,  that  now,  as  he  has  gone,  the  lament  has 
become  wide-spread,  "a  prince  and  a  great  man  has  fallen." 

"  Blessings  brighten  as  they  take  their  flight ; "  and 
although,  in  this  early  season  of  our  sorrow,  it  may  be  too 
soon  fully  to  estimate  the  value  of  his  work,  nevertheless  a 
combined  view  of  some  of  the  more  important  positions  he 
occupied,  and  with  such  distinguished  ability,  may  give  us  a 
more  correct  measure  of  the  man  than  we  have  been  wont 
to  take,  deepening,  it  may  be,  our  sorrow  for  what  we  have 
lost;  but  at  the  same  time  elevating  our  gratitude  for  what 
we  have  so  long  enjoyed. 

Among  the  circumstances  that  contributed  to  qualify  Dr. 
Krauth  for  the  several  prominent  positions  he  filled  with 
such  distinction,  we  may  enumerate  his  descent,  his  natural 
gifts,  and  that  unwearied  and  aspiring  diligence  by  which, 


144  THE   LUTHERAN    CHURCH    REVIEW. 

forgetting  the  things   that  were   behind,  he    ever   pressed 
onward  and  upward  towards  the  things  that  were  before. 

His  father,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Charles  Philip  Krauth,  had 
himself  been  for  many  years  a  bright  ornament  of  the 
Lutheran  Church.  A  man  of  warm  and  tender  nature — of 
devout  spirit — of  profound  and  varied  learning — he  shone 
with  attractive  lustre,  alike  in  the  pulpit  and  in  the  chair  of 
the  professor.  Y  ars  have  passed  since  he  entered  into  his 
rest.  Yet,  there  are  many  still  living,  who  cherish  fond 
recollections  of  his  faithfulness  as  a  pastor — of  his  learning 
and  grace  as  a  professor,— and  who  could  readily  recognize 
the  admirable  qualities  of  the  father  in  the  divers  excellen- 
cies of  the  son.  The  death  of  the  mother  of  the  latter,  in 
the  early  years  of  his  childhood,  might  have  prevented  the 
cultivation  of  those  gentle  graces  of  character  which  are 
believed  to  depend  mainly  upon  earl)'  maternal  influence, 
and  which,  in  the  midst  of  the  rude  turmoil  of  life,  are  so 
mighty  in  controlling  the  force  of  direct  action.  Yet,  even 
here,  the  natural  grace,  the  delicate  taste,  the  refined  culture 
of  the  father  bore  so  directly  and  constantly  upon  the  train- 
ing of  the  son,  that  he  grew  up  to  man's  estate,  and  lived  a 
model  of  courtesy  and  gentleness,  retaining  the  attractive 
charm  of  the  childlike  spirit  throughout  all  the  changes  of 
his  maturer  years. 

Whilst  the  relations  between  the  father  and  the  son  were 
strongly  marked  by  the  exercise  of  the  paternal  and  the 
filial  virtues,  they  also  partook  largely  of  the  element  of 
companionship;  and  to  this  circumstance  may  be  attributed 
the  fervor  of  Dr.  Krauth's  piety,  the  prompt  determination 
of  his  theological  tendencies,  and  the  scientific  accuracy 
with  which  his  position  was  taken,  even  in  the  early  years 

of  his  activity. 

With  the  delicate  perceptions  of  a  poet   he  combined  the 

patience  of  a  scholar,  the  thoroughness  ^(  a  philosopher; 

and   so,  the  soundness,  the   harmony,   the   completeness   of 

his  char;         resulted  from  his  practical  application  <.^\  the 

precept:   "  Prove  all  things,  hold  fast  that  which   is   good." 

Whilst  Dr.  Krauth,  as  yet  quite  a  youth,  was  actively 

eng         1    in    the    work    of  tin'   pastor,   the   whole    Lutheran 
Church    in    the    United    States   was    deeply   agitated    by   a 


IN   MEMORIAM.  145 

system  of  operations  commonly  described  as  "  New  Meas- 
ures." This  system,  passionately  defended  and  strongly 
urged  by  men  who  held  the  pen  of  the  ready  writer,  who 
understood  the  power  of  the  press,  whose  learning,  position 
and  experience  were  supposed  to  invest  them  with  authority 
in  the  Church,  soon  became  so  popular  and  prevalent  that 
its  advocates  began  to  indulge  the  agreeable  assurance  of 
its  early  and  complete  triumph.  Scarcely  a  young  pastor 
could  be  found  who  was  not,  for  a  season,  carried  forward 
headlong  by  the  tide  ;  and  even  among  the  older  men,  the 
proportion  was  small  of  those  who  were  not  its  passive 
advocates.  The  subject  of  our  sketch  was  himself  caught 
by  the  current;  and,  to  use  his  own  expressive  and  solemn 
testimony,  "  almost  became  its  victim."  In  this  position, 
however,  he  embraced  the  opportunity  which  his  own 
experience  offered,  to  make  full  proof  of  the  whole  system. 
The  result  of  this  was,  the  discovery  of  its  emptiness,  and  a 
deep  and  abiding  conviction,  that  the  hope  of  the  Church, 
and  her  success  in  bearing  witness  for  Christ  depended, 
first  and  last  of  all,  upon  her  own  hearty  reception  of  the 
Truth  in  its  purity,  and  upon  her  bold  and  unwavering 
advocacy  of  the  wonderful  doctrines  of  the  Divine  Word. 
This  conviction  of  his  early  years  attained  such  depth  and 
firmness,  as  time  passed  on,  that  in  the'calmness  of  his  later 
life,  and  in  the  full  maturity  of  his  powers,  he  uttered  a 
judgment  that  suits  the  wildness  of  fanaticism  as  well  as  it 
does  the  heartlessness  of  rationalism,  in  language  that  will 
long  be  read  with  interest,  for  the  beauty  of  its  form  and  the 
truthfulness  of  its  substance  : 

"  When  Spener,  Francke,  and  the  original  Pietistic 
school  sought  to  develop  the  spiritual  life  of  the  Church, 
they  did  it  by  enforcing  the  doctrines  of  the  Church  in  their 
living  power.  The  position  of  them  all  was,  that  the  doc- 
trines of  our  Church  are  the  doctrines  of  God's  Word,  that 
no  changes  were  needed  or  could  be  allowed  in  them. 
They  wrought  their  great  works,  the  praises  of  which  are 
in  all  Christendom,  through  these  very  doctrines.  They 
did  not  mince  them,  nor  draw  subtle  distinctions  by  which 
to  evade  them,  or  practically  ignore  them, — but,  alike,  upon 
the  most  severely  controverted,  as  upon  the  more  generally 


I46  THE  LUTHERAN  CHURCH  REVIEW. 

recognized  doctrines,  they  were  thoroughly  Lutheran." 
Because  these  his  convictions  were  so  freely  proclaimed  and 
so  uniformly  maintained,  there  were  some  who  were  ready 
to  cast  out  his  name  as  evil ;  but  he  faltered  not,  for  he  was 
inspired  with  the  assurance  that  "  truth  is  mighty  and  must 
prevail."  If  there  were  those  with  whose  views  the  noble 
principles  thus  announced  came  into  direct  conflict,  who 
regarded  Dr.  Krauth  as  the  mere  champion  of  a  faction,  or 
the  partisan  of  a  contracted  notion,  they  could  have  had  but 
a  low  estimate  of  the  glory  of  Divine  truth,  and  of  the  deep 
and  ever  increasing  power  with  which  that  truth  can  work 
upon  an  earnest  mind  and  a  believing  heart. 

"  The  path  of  the  just  is  as  the  shining  light  that  shineth 
more  and  more  unto  the  perfect  day  ;  "  and  the  movement 
of  Dr.  Krauth  in  the  direction  of  pure  doctrine,  which  was 
begun  in  his  earlier  years,  was  diligently,  prayerfully  main- 
tained, without  wavering,  until,  at  last,  he  gave  the  Church 
and  the  world  his  clear,  elaborate  and  impressive  testimony 
in  Tin:  Conservative  Reformation.  That  work,  indicat- 
ing such  familiarity  with  the  whole  history  of  the  Church, 
such  sympathy  with  the  spirit  of  the  Gospel,  such  versatility 
in  the  departments  of  theology,  of  science,  of  logic,  and  of 
law, — such  candor  in  contending  for  the  faith,  and  such 
courtesy  towards  men  of  opposite  views,  will  long  stand  a 
noble  monument  of  his  learning  as  a  scholar,  his  mag- 
nanimity as  a  man,  and  his  enlightened  zeal  as  a  Christian. 

It  was  an  observation  of  Aristotle's,  that  ''all  who  have 
meditated  upon  the  art  of  governing  mankind  have  been 
convinced  that  the  fate  of  empires  depends  upon  the  educa- 
tion of  youth."  The  whole  process  of  education,  from  be- 
ginning t<>  end,  of  course,  is  important  ;  yet,  however  high 
may  be  the  requirements  and  valuable  the  services  of  those 
who    superintend    the   operations    of  the   mind,  in    the   first 

stages  of  its  advancement,  the  qualifications  demanded  in 
the  tea<  her  whose  work  it  is  to  aggregate,  to  systematize,  to 
perfect  all  that  has  gone  before,  to  supply  defects,  and  to 
arrange  every  thing  in  complete  order,  suited  to  the  wants 
of  practical  life,  are  of  vastly  greater  value.  The  qualifica- 
tions of  Dr.  Krauth  for  such  work  were  so  decided  and  so 

manifest,  that    his  services  were  importunately  demanded  in 


IN    MEMORIAM.  147 

two  institutions  of  learning,  both,  in  their  respective  depart- 
ments, occupying  honorable  positions  among  .the  most 
prominent  institutions  of  the  land.  To  one  of  them,  the 
Seminary  of  the  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church,  in  Philadel- 
phia, his  name  gave  lustre  in  the  department  of  theology  ; 
to  the  other,  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  he  rendered 
a  service,  both  in  literature  and  science,  that  has  endeared 
his  name  to  hundreds  of  scholars  at  home  and  abroad. 

In  1868  Dr.  Krauth  was  elected  Professor  of  Mental  and 
Moral  Philosophy  in  the  University,  and  his  estimate  of  the 
responsibilities  of  his  position,  as  well  as  his  ability  to  meet 
them,  may  be  discovered  in  his  edition  of  two  standard 
works  immediately  connected  with  the  duties  of  his  chair. 
His  edition  of  Fleming's  Vocabulary  of  Philosophy,  pub- 
lished in  1878,  and  supplemented  by  an  original  compilation, 
entitled  Vocabulary  of  the  Philosophical  Sciences,  is  a 
standing  memorial  of  the  ability,  the  diligence,  the  enthu- 
siasm with  which  he  addressed  himself  to  the  duties  of  his 
professorship.  Well  versed  himself  in  the  intricacies  of 
German  philosophy,  and  familiar  with  its  terminology,  he 
observed  that  the  work  of  Fleming  was  specially  weak  in 
this  direction,  and  yet,  that  it  was  German  philosophy  which, 
beyond  any  other,  was  engaging  the  attention  of  the  think- 
ing world.  His  own  valuable  library  and  the  large  libraries 
of  Philadelphia,  which  he  knew  so  well  how  to  use,  afforded 
him  the  ready  means  to  present  the  results  of  the  labors  of 
German  Schools  of  Philosophy  in  such  manner  as  to  meet 
the  demands,  and  indeed  to  excite  the  enthusiasm  of  the 
diligent  and  inquiring  student.  Scattered  throughout  the 
volume  thus  edited,  there  are  many  features  of  special  value, 
of  which  our  limited  space  forbids  the  mention  ;  but,  alto- 
gether, they  constitute  a  hand-book  of  philosophy,  the  use- 
fulness of  which,  the  earnest  student  of  philosophy  will 
promptly  and  cheerfully  acknowledge  at  every  turn. 

Dr.  Krauth's  edition  of  Berkeley's  Principles  of  Human 
Knowledge,  edited  in  1874,  with  its  elaborate  Prolegomena, 
in  some  fifteen  chapters,  covering  147  pages  8vo.,  received 
promptly,  as  it  deserved,  the  hearty,  complimentary  ac- 
knowledgments of  distinguished  scholars  and  professors  of 
mental  philosophy  beyond  the  seas.     The  contribution  to 


148  THE  LUTHERAN  CHURCH  REVIEW. 

the  interests  of  solid  education  in  the  department  of  mental 
science,  given  in  the  Prologomena,  by  the  exposition  of  the 
various  developments  of  Idealism  as  represented  in  the  sys- 
tems of  Kant,  Fichte,  Jacobi,  Schelling  and  Hegel,  will  ever 
be  acknowledged  by  students  of  philosophy  to  be  of  per- 
manent value  ;  whilst  the  notes  of  Ueberweg,  so  accurately 
and  admirably  translated,  beam  forth  a  fresh  lustre  upon 
every  page  of  the  original. 

The  whole  work  may  be  regarded  as  a  most  kindly  ser- 
vice, not  only  to  the  laborious  student,  but  also  to  the  in- 
telligent reader  ;  for  the  style  is,  throughout,  so  graceful, 
the  manner  of  argument  so  attractive,  so  full  of  conscious 
strength,  so  highly  enlivened  by  rare  incident,  and  some- 
times, even  by  playful  humor,  that  the  reading  of  it  might 
well  be  what  the  preparation  of  it  was  to  the  Editor  him- 
self, a  pleasant  way  of  spending  a  summer  vacation. 

Dr.  Krauth's  position  then,  as  Professor  of  Mental  and 
Moral  Science,  and  as  Vice  Provost  of  the  University,  after 
1873,  gave  him  a  sphere  of  influence  that  extended  far  be- 
yond the  walls  of  the  University  itself; — a  sphere  of  influ- 
ence which,  we  can  say,  upon  the  best  authority,  he  filled 
up  with  elements  and  principles  most  pure  in  their  origin, 
most  true  in  themselves,  and  most  wholesome  in  their  re- 
sults His  colleagues  of  the  learned  Faculties  of  the  Uni- 
versity, his  personal  acquaintances  of  the  Honorable  Board 
of  Trustees,  themselves,  generally,  scholars,  whose  hearts 
and  minds  are  nobly  enthusiastic  in  the  interests  of  higher 
education,  whose  time  and  means  are  freely  given  to  its  ad- 
vancement, have  been  in  frequent  and  familiar  contact  with 
him,   for  years,   observing   his   methods  and   noticing   the 

ults  of  his  work.  The  estimate  of  his  services  which 
these  men  have  formed  and  deliberately  expressed  is,  at 
once,  a  testimonial  of  the  late  Vice  Provost's  worth  and  of 
their  own  intelligence  and  heartiness  : 

"  During  the  fifteen  years  of  his  connection  with  the  Uni- 
versity as  Professor  of  Moral  and  Metal  Philosophy,  ami 
the  ten  years  of  his  Vice  Provostship,  we  have  grown  in 
our  appreciation  of  his  vast  erudition,  the  soundness  of  his 
judgment,  his  conscientious  attention  to  duty,  his  gentle- 

.,    and    patience    in  his  intercourse  with  his  students  and 


IN  MEMORIAM.  I49 

associates,  and  his  Christian  consistency  and  humility.  We 
feel  that  his  loss  is  irreparable  to  our  University,  while  we 
rejoice  in  the  influence  he  has  exerted  over  so  many  hun- 
dreds of  our  graduates  in  the  direction,  of  sound  learning 
and  high  principle.  We  shall  cherish  as  a  precious  posses- 
sion the  memory  of  his  faithfulness  and  his  thoroughness  in 
his  work  as  a  teacher,  and  his  abounding  kindness  in  all 
social  and  official  relations." 

"The  Board  desires  to  place  on  record  its  sense  of  the 
grievous  loss  incurred  by  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in 
the  death  of  our  honored  associate  Charles  Porterfield 
Krauth,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.  Having  served  as  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Trustees  from  February  6th,  1866,  to  December 
1st,  1868,  he  was  elected  at  the  close  of  1868,  to  the  chair 
of  Intellectual  and  Moral  Philosophy,  and  in  1873,  to  the 
additional  position  of  Vice  Provost  of  the  University.  In 
each  of  these  positions  his  rare  gifts  of  mind  and  character 
were  conspicuously  manifested.  Wise  in  council,  moderate 
and  conciliatory  in  discussion,  eloquent,  clear  and  inspiring 
as  an  instructor,  skillful  and  sagacious  as  an  administrator, 
he  combined  dignity  with  rare  sweetness  of  character,  and 
lofty  abilities  and  profound  learning  with  humility  and  cour- 
tesy. His  influence  upon  all  who  came  in  contact  with 
him  was  singularly  powerful  and  elevating,  for  he  showed 
plainly  in  every  word  and  act  the  operation  of  that  earnest 
Christian  faith  which  was  the  ever-animating  principle  of 
his  holy  and  most  fruitful  life." 

Dr.  Krauth's  connection  with  the  Theological  Seminary  of 
the  Lutheran  Church  at  Philadelphia  began  with  the  organ- 
ization of  the  school  itself  in  1864,  and  continued  until  the 
time  of  his  death,  January  2d,  1883.  As  being  thoroughly 
sound  in  the  faith,  he  was  convinced  that,  "  except  the  Lord 
build  the  house,  they  labor  in  vain  that  build  it."  So,  as 
has  been  gathered  from  the  confidential  communications  of 
fraternal  intercourse,  his  very  first  work  in  connection  with 
the  Seminary  was  mighty  wrestling  with  God  for  the  Divine 
Blessing.  When  it  was  first  organized  he  contemplated  the 
feebleness  of  its  infancy  with  fond  and  cheerful  hope,  be- 
cause it  had  been  sanctified  by  prayer ;  and  in  the  large 
number  of  earnest  men  who,  for  nineteen  years,  have  been 


150  THE    LUTHERAN    CHURCH    REVIEW. 

enjoying  its  advantages,  and  going  forth  from  its  walls  to 
preach  the  Gospel  to  the  world,  he  was  ever  happy  to  dis- 
cern the  continuous  evidence  that  the  early,  the  persevering 
prayer  of  faith  was  not  in  vain.  His  position  in  the  Fac- 
ulty, being  that  of  Professor  of  Systematic  Theology,  led 
him,  of  necessity,  to  bestow  great  labor  upon  the  defining 
and  the  defense  of  the  Truth.  Sermons,  tracts,  elaborate 
articles  in  Reviews  of  high  character,  monographs  spark- 
ling with  originality  and  commanding  by  their  essential 
force,  issuing  from  the  press,  almost  without  number,  bore 
ample  testimony  to  his  diligence  and  his  extraordinary  abil- 
ity as  Professor  of  Theology.  As  Professor  in  a  Lutheran 
Seminary,  his  one  uniform  principle  unequivocally  stated, 
and  constantly  maintained,  was  "  The  basis  of  the  Evangel- 
ical Lutheran  Church  is  the  Word  of  God,  as  the  perfect 
and  absolute  rule  of  faith  ;  and  because  this  is  her  basis, 
she  rests,  of  necessity,  on  the  faith  of  which  that  Word  is 
the  rule,  and  therefore  on  the  confessions  which  purely  set 
forth  that  faith.  She  has  the  right  rule,  she  reaches  the 
right  results  by  the  rule,  and  rightly  confesses  them.  The 
confession  then,  is  her  immediate  basis,  her  essential  char- 
acteristic, with  which  she  stands  or  falls."  lie  had  thor- 
oughly studied  the  structure  of  Lutheran  Theology,  and 
discovered  for  himself  the  correctness  of  the  comparison 
that  likens  it  to  an  imposing  Gothic  dome,  grand  in  its  pro- 
portions, harmonious  in  all  its  parts,  everywhere  beaming 
in  the  clear  light,  and  vocal  with  the  true  echoes  of  the 
Divine  Word.  Through  such  a  structure  it  was  his  delight, 
for  years,  to  lead  young  men  of  ingenuous,  appreciative 
spirit,  ever  largely  enjoying  for  himself  that  quickening  of 
mind,  that  refreshment  of  heart  which  he  so  largely  imparted 
to  them. 

Asa  Lutheran  divine  he  rejoiced  in  the  explanation  of 
the  many  points  of  doctrine  which  the  adversaries  of  the 
Lutheran  Church  have  always  been  willing  to  concede. 
Yet,    he    took    special    interest    in    "those    which    are    most 

strictly  distinctive   of  our  Chinch,  which  have  been   the 

object  of  fiercest   assault,  in    which   also,  her  position    is   so 
pure-   and    scriptural,   to   wit,   the    Person  (A   Christ,  and   the 

Sacrament         Standing  then  upon  this  linn  foundation,  the 


IN   MEMORIAM  151 

Word  of  God,  his  every  act  in  the  Seminary  was  done  with 
the  view  of  "sending  forth  men  who  should  be  living  illus- 
trations of  the  power  of  the  Gospel  they  preach,  men  of 
reverential  spirit,  of  holy  activity,  of  fidelity  in  the  pulpit 
and  pastoral  life,  men  grounded  in  a  thorough  knowledge, 
in  an  ardent  love,  in  a  practical  exhibition  of  all  that  belongs 
to  the  true  idea  of  the  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church,  of  the 
Evangelical    Lutheran    Christian,   and   of  the    Evangelical 
Lutheran   pastor."     His  personal   work   is   done;    but  the 
good  that  good  men  do  lives  after  them,  and  in  the  faithful 
ministry  of  scores  of  earnest  men  whose  studies  he  directed, 
and  whose  hearts  were  refreshed  as  they  received  instruc- 
tion at  his  lips,  the  seed  he  supplied  will  be  scattered  broad- 
cast over  the  land,  and  will  bear  fruit  an  hundred-fold.   The 
Faculty  of  the  Seminary,  having  for  so  many  years  stood  in 
most  intimate  official  relations  with  him,  and  to  whom  his 
companionship  was  ever  so  attractive,  deplore  his  departure 
as  a  personal  bereavement.    They  cherish  the  remembrance 
of  him  as  "  being  wholly  devoted  to  the  interests  of  learning 
and  the  service  of  the  Church;  of  his  attainments  as  illus- 
trious for  their  extent  and  solidity;  and  of  his  life  as  emi- 
nent  for   its   purity  and   usefulness.     They    recognize   the 
lasting  influence  so  happily  produced  upon  the  administra- 
tion of  the  Seminary,  by  the  wisdom  of  his  counsels  and 
the  value  of  his  services;  whilst  the  pleasant  memories  they 
have  of  him  have  become  only  the  more  precious,  now  that 
he  has  gone,  to  return  no  more."     The  students  too,  at 
present,  connected  with  the  institution,  have  sadly  united* 
with  all  who  mourn  his  loss,  recording  their  "deep  sense  of 
his   heartiness   and   courtesy  as  a  personal  friend;    of  his 
learning,  his  aptness  to  teach,  and  his  generous  sympathy 
as  an  instructor;  his  experience,  and  purity,  and  faithfulness 
as  spiritual  Mentor  and  Guide." 

Dr.  Krauth's  direct  connection  with  certain  large  and 
influential  ecclesiastical  bodies,  at  a  time  when  important 
principles  of  polity  and  practice  engrossed  public  attention, 
was  of  great  advantage  to  the  Lutheran  Church.  Cool  as  a 
philosopher,  he  was  never  swayed  by  passion;  as  a  Chris- 
tian, truly  devout,  he  was  as  little  influenced  by  prejudice; 
and  as  an  Evangelical  Lutheran,  he  bowed  with  unhesitating 


152  THE  LUTHERAN  CHURCH  REVIEW. 

obedience  to  the  authority  of  the  Divine  Word.  It  was  for 
this  reason  that  he  acquitted  himself  so  nobly,  of  the  re- 
sponsibilities with  which  he  had,  by  general  consent,  been 
invested  in  the  General  Council,  and  in  the  Ministerium  of 
Pennsylvania;  developing  and  confirming,  in  both  bodies  a 
spirit  of  confessional  intelligence  and  fidelity,  hostile  alike 
to  a  confessionless  unionism  on  the  one  hand,  and  to  a 
confessional  bigotry  on  the  other.  His  sermons  before  the 
General  Council,  his  theses  on  Pulpit  and  Altar  Fellowship, 
his  explanation  and  defence  of  the  same,  both  oral  and 
through  the  press,  present  a  literature  which  commanded 
prompt  attention  when  first  uttered,  and  which  will  yet  be 
more  carefully  studied  and  admired  in  the  Church  for  the 
genuineness  of  its  biblical  character  and  the  purity  of  its 
Christian  tone. 

As  a  son  of  peace,  Dr.  Krauth  was  never  disposed  to 
rush  rashly  into  the  arena  of  strife.  Vet  his  love  for  the 
truth  and  his  ability  to  stand  up  in  its  defence  were  such, 
that  circumstances  did  occasionally  arise  that  required  him 
to  gird  on  his  armor.  When  he  did  so,  it  was  in  the  capac- 
ity of  a  leader  whose  sole  aim  was,  not  to  acquire  distinc- 
tion for  himself,  but  to  secure  the  triumph  of  the  truth 
alone.  If,  at  times,  he  resorted  to  the  use  of  a  terrible 
weapon,  when,  through  the  obtuseness  of  an  adversary, 
other  weapons  failed,  he  nevertheless  was  scrupulously 
careful,  even  in  the  heat  of  controversy,  to  observe  all  the 
amenities  of  Christian  fellowship.  Of  this,  the  correspon- 
dence, as  we  may  call  it,  between  himself  and  the  late  Prof. 
Dr.  Charles  Hodge,  of  Princeton,  is  a  striking  example. 
Dr.  Krauth,  in  reviewing  the  "Systematic  Theology"  of 
Dr.  Hodge,  paid  special  attention  to  "  Infant  Salvation  in 
the  Calvinistic  System."  Upon  this  there  arose  a  differ- 
ence of  opinion  between  the  two  professors  as  to  what  was 
really  the  teaching  of  Calvinistic  Divines  upon  the  subject. 
Tlr-  manner  in  which  Dr.  Krauth  proved  and  established 

the  position  which  he  had  first  taken  was  SO  clear  and  un- 
answerable, that  Dr.  Jlodge  promptly  accorded  him  the 
palm,  in  a  manner  that  was  as  honorable  to  himself  as  it 
was  complimentary  to  Dr.   Krauth. 

He  has  gone;  but  his  memory  remains,  and  shall  Hour- 


IN  MEMORIAM.  1 53 

ish.  Fraternal  affection  might  well  be  permitted  to  indulge 
itself,  for  a  season,  in  fondly  pondering  upon  his  virtues 
and  in  modestly  extolling  his  worth.  There  is  a  melan- 
choly pleasure  to  be  found  in  observing  how  often  the  feat- 
ures of  his  character  and  the  labors  of  his  life  will  call  up 
the  memory  of  other  men,  the  great  and  the  good  of  other 
times,  who  were  faithful  whilst  they  lived,  and  at  whose 
departure  there  were  many  to  mourn.  He  was  like  that 
noble  Roman,  a  man  of  lofty  lineage,  of  simple  habits,  of 
blameless  life,  of  singular  personal  attractiveness,  whom 
Tacitus  describes  as  "  beloved  when  heard,  admired  when 
only  seen,  great  without  arrogance,  and  never  giving  envy 
reason  to  repine  at  his  success."  He  was  like  Simon,  the 
high  priest,  the  son  of  Onias,  of  whom  the  son  of  Sirach 
says  that  "in  his  life  he  repaired  the  house,  and  in  his  days 
fortified  the  temple,  he  stood  high  amongst  the  people,  and 
shone  like  a  star  in  the  midst  of  a  cloud,  or  like  the  moon 
at  the  full."  He  was  like  Judah  "worthily  extolled  of  his 
brethren."  He  was  like  Ambrose,  of  Milan,  the  bishop,  of 
whom  St.  Augustine  testifies,  that  "he  is  known  in  the 
world  as  among  the  best  of  men."  He  was  like  the  brother 
commended  by  St.  Paul,  "the  brother  whose  praise  is  in  the 
Gospel  throughout  all  the  Churches." 

C.  W.    SCHAEFFER. 


VI. 

RECENT  PUBLICATIONS. 


I.    INTRODUCTION. 

BlBLIOTHECA  THEOLOGICA.  A  Select  and  Classified  Bibliography  of  Theology 
and  General  Religious  Literature.  By  John  F.  Hurst,  LL.  D.  Now  York  : 
Charles  Scribnors'  Sons,  1883.  For  sale  by  J.  B.  Lippincott  &  Co.,  Philadel- 
phia.    8vo.,  pp.  417.     Price,  $3.00. 

Dr.  Hurst  is  a  Bishop  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  who  was 
a  number  of  years  professor  in  Drew  Theological  Seminary.  He 
was  for  some  time  a  student  of  theology  in  Germany,  where  he  trans- 
lated into  English  Hagenbach's  History  of  the  Church  in  the  Eight- 
eenth and  Nineteenth  Centuries.  While  there  he  projected  an  elabo- 
rate work  on  Theological  Bibliography,  to  comprise  all  the  chief 
works  in  the  English  and  Continental  languages,  with  selections  from 
the  patristic  period.  The  scheme  proved  too  extensive  for  the  time 
at  his  disposal.  A  more  elementary  plan  was  therefore  adopted,  as 
the  result  of  the  author's  experience  for  fifteen  years,  as  an  instructor 
of  theological  students,  whose  reading  it  was  his  duty  to  direct.  The 
aim  has  been  to  make  a  selection  of  the  best  English  books  in  all 
departments  of  theology,  which  could  be  readily  procured  from  the 
book-trade.  The  book  is  not  intended  for  advanced  scholars,  but 
for  students,  teachers  and  pastors.  No  two  authors  would  agree  in 
selections  made  with  such  an  object  in  view.  The  theological  stand- 
point, the  caste  of  mind,  the  range  of  reading,  and  the  circle  of 
Students  the  compiler  has  in  mind  must  all  be  taken  into  account. 
It  is  idle,  therefore,  to  speculate  concerning  reasons  for  omissions. 
It  is  sufficient  to  say,  that  the  book  is  certainly  a  most  valuable  aid 
for  the  classes  intended,  while  it  will  also  not  be  without  service  even 
where  the  more  elaborate  work  which  the  author  projected  is  more 
desirable.  It  is  symmetrical,  thorough — as  far  as  its  scope  will  allow 
— and  fair.  For  the  history  and  doctrines  of  the  Lutheran  Church, 
we  are  referred  t<>  the  two  English  translations  of  the  Symbolical 
Hooks,  Hazelius'  History,  SchsefTer's  Early  History,  Seiss1  Ecclesia 
Luth.,  Schmucker's  Amer.  Luth.  Church,  Morris'  Bibliotheca,  Schmid's 
Dogmatik,  and  Flutter's  Compend.  Krauth's  Conservative  Reform- 
ation, which  belongs  here,  is  found  with  the  history  of  tin-  Reform- 
ation. The  American  student  who  learns  of  us  from  an  examination 
of  all  tlu-so  sources  will  not  be  apt  to  go  farastiay.  II.    E.  J. 

A  Religious  lopjGDIA    "i  Dictionary  of  Biblical,  Historical,  Doctrinal 

and   Practical  Theology.     Based  on  the  Real  Encyklopadie  ol  Herxog,  1'iltt 
1  Hauck,     Edited  by   Philip  Schaff,  l>  l»..  II.  l>  ,  Professoi   in  the  Union 
Th<  al  Seminary,  New  York,     Associate  Editors :  Rev.  Samuel^M.  fack 

154 


